Friday, July 6, 2012

London's Shard: architectural marvel or enormous salt shaker?

Built with Qatari funding and sniffed at by Prince Charles, the new skyscraper has 11,000 glass panels equal to eight soccer fields.

By Ian Evans,?Correspondent / July 5, 2012

A view of the iconic Tower Bridge, right, over the river Thames (r.) and The Shard (l.) a newly-constructed high-rise building that is western Europe?s tallest, in London, Wednesday, July 4, ahead of the official Inauguration on Thursday, July 5.

Lefteris Pitarakis/AP

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It's London?s tallest and arguably most controversial tower in a generation which tonight will be unveiled amid a spectacular laser light show.

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Standing 310 meters (1,017 feet)?tall on the south bank of the River Thames, the Shard has become something of a "love it or loathe it" development, dominating the capital?s skyline opposite the City of London and tourist favorites Tower Bridge and the Tower of London.

The Shard was conceived on the back of a napkin by architect Renzo Piano in Berlin 12 years ago. Since then, developer Irvine Sellar has overcome multiple objections and the credit crunch to build the Shard, which contains a mixture of office space, restaurants, apartments, and a hotel. When he first unveiled his plans, the planning establishment closed ranks with English Heritage and the Royal Parks Foundation objecting, and Prince Charles calling the glass pyramid tower an enormous salt shaker.

In 2002, the then Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott ordered a planning inquiry, but 12 months and ?10 million ($15 million) later, it was given approval.

Building finally got under way in 2009, but not before Mr. Sellar turned to the Qatari royal family for the bulk of the ?1.5 billion ($2.5 billion) funding as Western bank funding seized in the wake of the credit crunch. The Qatari involvement with its shariah-compliant investment package means that any company connected to gambling or alcohol industries are unlikely to be leased space.

But for those who do occupy Europe?s tallest building, the statistics are huge: It has 11,000 glass panels equal to eight soccer pitches; there are 44 lifts and 306 flights of stairs; the total floor space is 31 acres; 95 percent of the construction materials?and 20 percent of the steelwork?are recycled, with 72 of the 87 floors able to be occupied.

And for those who do not occupy the building, visitors will be able to stop off at a viewing gallery on the 72nd floor costing ?90 ($140) for a family of four.

Before the official inauguration today alongside the prime minister and minister of foreign affairs of Qatar, Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al-Thani and The Duke of York Prince Andrew, Sellar said: ?It?s a moment in history for The Shard. It will become as essential a part of a visit to London as going to the top of the Empire State Building is for visitors to New York.?

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/csmonitor/globalnews/~3/DTiqcPmjMc8/London-s-Shard-architectural-marvel-or-enormous-salt-shaker

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Reincarnation of the Gods

Reincarnation of the Gods

"All the world's a stage,and all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances, and one man in his time plays many parts....."

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We are all like fireworks. We climb, shine, and always go our separate ways and become further apart. But even if that time comes, let's not disappear like a firework, and continue to shine forever.
Capt. Hitsugaya Toushiro

All the world's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players;
They have their exits and their entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts.....

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Auricambrflaym
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Monti: Italy does not need a bailout

Italian Premier Mario Monti, right, listens to German Chancellor Angela Merkel speaking at a press conference during a bilateral meeting at Villa Madama in Rome, Wednesday, July 4, 2012. Merkel is traveling to Rome for a regular meeting of the senior officials from the two countries along with several of her top ministers, including the economy and finance ministers. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)

Italian Premier Mario Monti, right, listens to German Chancellor Angela Merkel speaking at a press conference during a bilateral meeting at Villa Madama in Rome, Wednesday, July 4, 2012. Merkel is traveling to Rome for a regular meeting of the senior officials from the two countries along with several of her top ministers, including the economy and finance ministers. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Italian Premier Mario Monti arrive for a bilateral meeting at Villa Madama in Rome, Wednesday, July 4, 2012. Merkel is traveling to Rome for a regular meeting of the senior officials from the two countries along with several of her top ministers, including the economy and finance ministers. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)

(AP) ? Italian Premier Mario Monti insisted Wednesday the country doesn't need a European bailout because its public finances will improve, but acknowledges work still needs to be done to cut government spending, boost economic growth and create jobs.

Monti spoke at a press conference with German Chancellor Angela Merkel after meeting about Europe's debt crisis. It was their first encounter since European leaders in Brussels last week agreed to use the continent's bailout fund to funnel money directly to struggling banks and let countries following budget rules apply for financial aid without stringent conditions attached.

Monti, who had pressed for such a deal, insisted Italy didn't need a bailout to help it pay its government debt because its budget deficit was low compared with many other European countries and forecast to improve.

As of the end of 2011, official European statistics put Italy's deficit at 3.9 percent, just above the EU limit of 3 percent. Spain's, by contrast, was much higher at 8.5 percent.

Italy's big problem is the economy is in recession and it has a high public debt load equivalent to 120 percent of GDP. Investors fearing Italy may have trouble repaying that debt have been asking for high interest rates to lend to the country.

The measures announced by European leaders last week have helped relieve the fear that Italy may default. In particular, making it easier for countries to access European bailout funds has convinced investors that Italy has a credible financial backstop should it run into trouble financing itself.

Agreeing to loosen the conditions for bailouts was not easy, however, and was the source of heated debated between Monti and Merkel in recent weeks and at the summit.

Going into the summit, Monti had issued a thinly-veiled jab at Merkel over her opposition to allowing European governments to share debt obligations. Sharing debt is another way to spread individual countries' debt risk across Europe, but Merkel continued to oppose them at the summit.

With debt-sharing ruled out, Monti pushed for the European leaders at the summit to agree to other measures that might increase confidence in Italy's finances. Easing conditions for countries to take bailouts was one of them.

Monti has lamented that Italians have endured the effects of government spending cuts and tax hikes, but that Italy's government borrowing rates remained high in financial markets.

By Wednesday, the two leaders were downright chummy, with Monti calling Merkel by her first name and emphasizing their "excellent" relations.

Merkel, for her part, praised the speed with which Monti's government has pushed through structural reforms and insisted that it was in Germany's interest to keep Italy from failing.

"If our neighbors in Europe aren't well, eventually we Germans won't be in good shape," she said.

Monti nevertheless acknowledged a rough road ahead: the government is embarking on a program of public spending cuts after having pushed divisive labor market reforms through parliament last week.

And new unemployment figures have made clear that the recession and the impact of austerity measures are hitting home: Monti termed "unacceptable" that youth unemployment had now hit 36 percent.

"Reducing the weight of the public sector in the markets, including the financial markets, will give us greater possibilities for productivity and work for young people," he said when asked how much more austerity Italians can take before growth measures kick in.

Both leaders stressed the need for Italian and German companies to collaborate more, particularly in manufacturing, to boost economic growth.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-07-04-Europe-Financial%20Crisis/id-003ad740868e4a1c935741044c794f41

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Thursday, July 5, 2012

Video: Lifeguard fired after rescuing man refuses to take job back

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Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/nightly-news/48088066/

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'Transformers: Fall of Cybertron' gets new epic trailer and new date

3 hrs.

The video game which has "more than meets the eye" will be out a bit sooner than fans were expecting.

"Transformers: Fall of Cybertron" will launch?August 21 -- a week earlier than originally planned. So as to not make the date change too dull, developer High Moon Studios released the new "Through the Matrix" trailer which you can watch above and see?city-sized Transformer Metroplex in all his glory?(You can vote for your favorite Transformer right here).

"Transformers: Fall of Cybertron" has a completely unique storyline which is?independent from the dreaded Michael Bay films. Why the hype for the new game? The first game --?"Transformers: War for Cybertron" -- was shockingly good with great gameplay and a decent story and we are eager to see how they've improved the franchise this time.

You can see my full of review of the first game below.

Want?to talk about video games? Send me a message?on my?new?Facebook page!

Source: http://www.ingame.msnbc.msn.com/technology/ingame/transformers-fall-cybertron-gets-new-epic-trailer-new-date-864315

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Wednesday, July 4, 2012

Picture of the Day (talking-points-memo)

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Quantum computing, no cooling required: Room-temperature quantum bits store data for nearly two seconds

ScienceDaily (July 3, 2012) ? It's a challenge that's long been one of the holy grails of quantum computing: how to create the key building blocks known as quantum bits, or qubits, that exist in a solid-state system at room temperature.

Most current systems, by comparison, rely on complex and expensive equipment designed to trap a single atom or electron in a vacuum and then cool the entire system to close to absolute zero.

A group of Harvard scientists, led by Professor of Physics Mikhail Lukin and including graduate students Georg Kucsko and Peter Maurer and postdoctoral researcher Christian Latta, say they've cracked the problem, and they did it by turning to one of the purest materials on Earth: diamonds.

Using a pair of impurities in ultra-pure, laboratory-grown diamonds, the researchers were able to create quantum bits and store information in them for nearly two seconds, an increase of nearly six orders of magnitude over the life span of earlier systems. The work, described in the June 8 issue of Science, is a critical first step in the eventual construction of a functional quantum computer, and has a host of other potential applications.

"What we've been able to achieve in terms of control is quite unprecedented," Lukin said. "We have a qubit, at room temperature, that we can measure with very high efficiency and fidelity. We can encode data in it, and we can store it for a relatively long time. We believe this work is limited only by technical issues, so it looks feasible to increase the life span into the range of hours. At that point, a host of real-world applications become possible."

In addition to a practical quantum computer, Lukin envisions the system being used in applications that include "quantum cash" (a payment system for bank transactions and credit cards that relies on the coding of quantum bits to thwart counterfeiters) and quantum networks (a highly secure communications method that uses quantum bits to transmit data).

"This research is an important step forward in research toward one day building a practical quantum computer," said Kucsko, who works in Lukin's lab and is one of two first authors of the paper. "For the first time, we have a system that has a reasonable timescale for memory and simplicity, so this is now something we can pursue."

The groundwork for Lukin's breakthrough was laid several years ago, when researchers discovered that nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, atomic-scale impurities in lab-grown diamonds, behave in the same way as single atoms. Like individual atoms, each center possesses a spin, which can be polarized, similar to on a bar magnet. Using lasers, researchers are able not only to control the spin, but to detect its orientation as it changes over time.

But the idea of using the NV centers to form the backbone of a quantum computer simply wasn't practical, largely because they can only hold data for about one-millionth of a second before their quantum properties -- and any data they may have held -- are lost.

The culprit, Lukin said, was another impurity in the diamond crystal.

In initial experiments, the team used diamonds that contained 99 percent carbon-12 atoms, which have no spin. The remainder, however, was made up of carbon-13 atoms, a tricky isotope that contains a spin in the atom's nucleus. Though weak, the interaction with those spins was causing the NV centers' short life spans.

With this latest research, however, Lukin and his team turned what was once a challenge -- the interaction between the NV center and carbon-13 atoms? -- to their advantage.

"The nuclear spin of the carbon-13 makes an ideal quantum bit, because they are very isolated," Lukin said. "Because they interact with so few outside forces, they have relatively long coherence times. Of course, the same properties that make them ideal qubits also make them difficult to measure and manipulate."

The solution Lukin and his team came up with was surprisingly elegant. Rather than trying to find a way to measure the spin of the carbon atoms, they used the NV center to do it for them.

Working with researchers at Element Six, a British-based company that specializes in manufacturing artificial diamonds, they developed a new technique to create crystals that were even more pure: 99.99 percent carbon-12. Researchers then bombard the crystal with nitrogen to create the NV center, which interacts with a nearby carbon-13 atom.

The result of that interaction is that the NV center mirrors the state of the carbon atom, meaning researchers can encode a bit of information into the spin of the atom, then "read" that data by monitoring the NV center.

"The system we've developed uses this very local probe, the NV center, to allow us to monitor that spin," Lukin said. "As a result, for the first time, we can encode a bit of information into that spin, and use this system to read it out."

However, encoding information into the spin of the carbon-13 atom and reading it out using the NV center is only a step on the road to a quantum computer. To truly be useful, researchers had to determine how to take advantage of the atom's quantum properties -- that is, its ability to occupy two states simultaneously.

That ability to be in two states at the same time is a key principle of quantum computers. As opposed to traditional computers, which encode bits of information as either zero or one, quantum computers rely on atomic-scale quantum mechanics to give quantum bits both values at once. That property, in theory, allows quantum computers to perform multiple computations in parallel, making them vastly more powerful than traditional computers, which perform operations in sequence.

The solution, Lukin explained, was a two-step process.

The first step is to cut the connection between the NV center and the carbon atom. Using massive amounts of laser light, researcher are able to effectively keep the NV center occupied and prevent it from interacting with the carbon atom. In step two, the diamond crystal is bombarded with a specific set of radio frequency pulses, suppressing the interaction between the carbon-13 atom and any nearby atoms.

"By limiting interactions with the carbon-13 atom, we can extend the life of the qubit and hold the data for longer," Lukin said. "The end result is that we're able to push the coherence time from a millisecond to nearly two seconds."

Researchers at the California Institute of Technology and the Max-Planck-Institut f?r Quantenoptik also participated in the research. Funding was provided by theNational Science Foundation, the Center for Ultracold Atoms, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Element 6, the Packard Foundation, the European Union, the Swiss National Science Foundation, and the Sherman Fairchild Foundation.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Harvard University. The original article was written by Peter Reuell, Harvard Staff Writer.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. P. C. Maurer, G. Kucsko, C. Latta, L. Jiang, N. Y. Yao, S. D. Bennett, F. Pastawski, D. Hunger, N. Chisholm, M. Markham, D. J. Twitchen, J. I. Cirac, M. D. Lukin. Room-Temperature Quantum Bit Memory Exceeding One Second. Science, 2012; 336 (6086): 1283 DOI: 10.1126/science.1220513

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120703181909.htm

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